centos7下为Rstudio安装多版本R

之前的R版本太旧,不少包装不上,需要安装新版本的R:

1.  
   R --version
2.  
   R version 3.6.0 (2019-04-26) -- "Planting of a Tree"

于是下载最新版R:

因为没有证书,需要加上最后面的参数.

wget https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/CRAN/src/base/R-4/R-4.2.2.tar.gz --no-check-certificate

或者使用 

yum install -y ca-certificates

第一次配制报错:

1.  
   ./configure --enable-R-shlib --prefix=/opt/R/R-4.2.2 --with-x=no
2.  
   ...
3.  
   checking for readline/history.h... no
4.  
   checking for readline/readline.h... no
5.  
   checking for rl_callback_read_char in -lreadline... no
6.  
   checking for main in -lncurses... no
7.  
   checking for main in -ltinfo... no
8.  
   checking for main in -ltermcap... no
9.  
   checking for main in -ltermlib... no
10.  
    checking for rl_callback_read_char in -lreadline... no
11.  
    configure: error: --with-readline=yes (default) and headers/libs are not available

这是因为没有装readline这个包:

1.  
   sudo yum install readline-devel
2.  
   ...
3.  
   Running transaction
4.  
   Installing : ncurses-devel-5.9-14.20130511.el7_4.x86_64 1/2
5.  
   Installing : readline-devel-6.2-11.el7.x86_64 2/2
6.  
   Verifying : readline-devel-6.2-11.el7.x86_64 1/2
7.  
   Verifying : ncurses-devel-5.9-14.20130511.el7_4.x86_64 2/2
8.  
    
9.  
   Installed:
10.  
    readline-devel.x86_64 0:6.2-11.el7
11.  
     
12.  
    Dependency Installed:
13.  
    ncurses-devel.x86_64 0:5.9-14.20130511.el7_4
14.  
     
15.  
    Complete!

然后继续配置:

1.  
   ./configure --enable-R-shlib --prefix=/opt/R/R-4.2.2 --with-x=no --with-readline=yes --with-libpng=yes --with-blas
2.  
   ...
3.  
   R is now configured for x86_64-pc-linux-gnu
4.  
    
5.  
   Source directory: .
6.  
   Installation directory: /opt/R/R-4.2.2
7.  
    
8.  
   C compiler: gcc -std=gnu11 -g -O2
9.  
   Fortran fixed-form compiler: gfortran -g -O2
10.  
     
11.  
    Default C compiler: g -std=gnu 11 -g -O2
12.  
    C 11 compiler: g -std=gnu 11 -g -O2
13.  
    C 14 compiler:
14.  
    C 17 compiler:
15.  
    C 20 compiler:
16.  
    Fortran free-form compiler: gfortran -g -O2
17.  
    Obj-C compiler:
18.  
     
19.  
    Interfaces supported: tcltk
20.  
    External libraries: pcre2, readline, curl
21.  
    Additional capabilities: PNG, JPEG, TIFF, NLS, ICU
22.  
    Options enabled: shared R library, shared BLAS, R profiling
23.  
     
24.  
    Capabilities skipped: cairo
25.  
    Options not enabled: memory profiling
26.  
     
27.  
    Recommended packages: yes
28.  
     
29.  
    configure: WARNING: neither inconsolata.sty nor zi4.sty found: PDF vignettes and package manuals will not be rendered optimally

最后一段警告信息让人不爽. 这是latex的sty包没装,于是装一下:

1.  
   wget http://mirrors.ctan.org/fonts/inconsolata.zip
2.  
    
3.  
   unzip inconsolata.zip
4.  
   Archive: inconsolata.zip
5.  
   creating: inconsolata/
6.  
   ...
7.  
   inflating: inconsolata/tex/inconsolata.sty
8.  
   ...
9.  
    
10.  
    cp -R inconsolata/* /usr/share/texmf/
11.  
     
12.  
    sudo yum install texlive
13.  
     
14.  
    sudo texhash
15.  
    texhash: Updating /usr/share/texlive/texmf/ls-R...
16.  
    texhash: Updating /usr/share/texlive/texmf-config/ls-R...
17.  
    texhash: Updating /usr/share/texlive/texmf-dist/ls-R...
18.  
    texhash: Updating /usr/share/texlive/texmf-local///ls-R...
19.  
    texhash: Updating /usr/share/texlive/texmf-var/ls-R...
20.  
    texhash: Done.
21.  
     

然后再配置就不会有警告信息了:

1.  
   ./configure --enable-R-shlib --prefix=/opt/R/R-4.2.2 --with-x=no --with-readline=yes --with-libpng=yes --with-blas
2.  
   ...
3.  
   R is now configured for x86_64-pc-linux-gnu
4.  
    
5.  
   Source directory: .
6.  
   Installation directory: /opt/R/R-4.2.2
7.  
    
8.  
   C compiler: gcc -std=gnu11 -g -O2
9.  
   Fortran fixed-form compiler: gfortran -g -O2
10.  
     
11.  
    Default C compiler: g -std=gnu 11 -g -O2
12.  
    C 11 compiler: g -std=gnu 11 -g -O2
13.  
    C 14 compiler:
14.  
    C 17 compiler:
15.  
    C 20 compiler:
16.  
    Fortran free-form compiler: gfortran -g -O2
17.  
    Obj-C compiler:
18.  
     
19.  
    Interfaces supported: tcltk
20.  
    External libraries: pcre2, readline, curl
21.  
    Additional capabilities: PNG, JPEG, TIFF, NLS, ICU
22.  
    Options enabled: shared R library, shared BLAS, R profiling
23.  
     
24.  
    Capabilities skipped: cairo
25.  
    Options not enabled: memory profiling
26.  
     
27.  
    Recommended packages: yes

configuare 参数说明:

–enable-R-shlib 表示生成libR.so库，当需要进行gcc等编译的时候很重要，确保之后安装R-studio-server时会出现 找不到"lib.so"文件的错误。

–with-readline=yes表示用于R shell条件下的调试优化

–with-libpng=yes表示可导出png图片

–with-blas表示优化R运算并生成libRblas.so库

–prefix 设定安装路径，否则make install会去安装到/usr/lib文件夹下，非root用户没有权限.

然后再

1.  
   make
2.  
   make install

最后将R指向新装的R

1.  
   which R
2.  
   sudo mv /usr/bin/R /usr/bin/R.3.6
3.  
   ln -s /opt/R/R-4.2.2/bin/R /usr/bin/R
4.  
   R
5.  
    
6.  
   R version 4.2.2 (2022-10-31) -- "Innocent and Trusting"
7.  
   Copyright (C) 2022 The R Foundation for Statistical Computing
8.  
   Platform: x86_64-pc-linux-gnu (64-bit)

Innocent and Trusting...ok....重启Rstudio...

但悲剧还没结束, Rstudio版本太旧, 不匹配R4.2.2里的图形引擎:

最后的解决方案是退回到4.0.2:

ref:

Ubntu 14.04 LTS 下编译安装R Source Code_Linux教程_Linux公社-Linux系统门户网站

全网最全：新处理器安装R所出现的报错问题 - 简书

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